Ddx

Lists of differential diagnoses of specific ECG findings based on from ECGs for the Emergency Physician 1 and ECGs for the Emergency Physician 2 Atrial fibrillation with slow ventricular response Severe AV nodal disease Hypothermia Medications: Digoxin toxicity, Calcium-channel blocker / beta-blocker toxicity Tachydysrhythmias Narrow-complex regular rhythm: Sinus tachycardia Supraventricular tachycardia Atrial flutter Narrow-complex irregular rhythm: Atrial fibrillation Atrial flutter with variable block Multifocal atrial tachycardia Wide-complex regular rhythm: Ventricular tachycardia Sinus tachycardia with aberrant conduction SVT with aberrant conduction Atrial flutter with aberrant conduction Wide-complex irregular rhythm: Atrial fibrillation with aberrant conduction (for example bundle branch block) Atrial flutter with variable block and aberrant conduction Multifocal atrial tachycardia with aberrant conduction Atrial fibrillation with WPW Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia / Torsades de Pointes Leftward axis Left anterior fascicular block Left bundle branch block Inferior myocardial infarction Left ventricular hypertrophy Ventricular ectopy Paced beats Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome Low voltage Myxoedema Large pericardial effusion Large pleural effusion End-stage dilated cardiomyopathy Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Severe obesity Infiltrative myocardial diseases (i.e. restrictive cardiomyopathy) Constrictive pericarditis Prior massive MI Low gain settings on ECG machine Increased QRS Duration Hypothermia Hyperkalaemia WPW Aberrant intraventricular conduction (for example bundle branch block) Ventricular ectopy Paced beats Drugs, particularly those with sodium-channel blocking effects Increased QT-interval (and QTc-interval) Hypokalaemia* Hypomagnesaemia Hypocalcaemia Myocardial ischemia Elevated intracranial pressure Sodium-channel blockers Hypothermia Congenital prolonged QT syndrome *Hypokalemia — the actual QT-interval is normal; the QT-interval appears prolonged because of the presence of fusion of the T-wave with a U-wave (a “T-U fusion complex”) ...